Tsarin ajiyar makamashin baturi, wanda aka fi sani da BESS, yana amfani da bankunan batura masu caji don adana wutar lantarki mai yawa daga grid ko hanyoyin sabunta don amfani daga baya.Yayin da makamashi mai sabuntawa da fasahar grid mai wayo ke ci gaba, tsarin BESS suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen daidaita samar da wutar lantarki da haɓaka ƙimar makamashin kore.To ta yaya daidai waɗannan tsarin ke aiki?
Mataki 1: Bankin Baturi
Tushen kowane BESS shine matsakaicin ajiyar makamashi - batura.Ana haɗa nau'ikan nau'ikan baturi da yawa ko "kwayoyin halitta" tare don samar da "bankin baturi" wanda ke ba da damar ajiyar da ake buƙata.Kwayoyin da aka fi amfani da su sune lithium-ion saboda yawan ƙarfinsu, tsawon rayuwarsu da saurin caji.Hakanan ana amfani da wasu sinadarai kamar gubar-acid da batura masu gudana a wasu aikace-aikace.
Mataki 2: Tsarin Canja Wuta
Bankin baturi yana haɗawa da grid ɗin lantarki ta hanyar tsarin sauya wuta ko PCS.PCS ta ƙunshi abubuwan lantarki na wutar lantarki kamar inverter, mai canzawa, da masu tacewa waɗanda ke ba da damar wutar lantarki ta gudana a dukkan kwatance tsakanin baturi da grid.Mai inverter yana jujjuya kai tsaye (DC) daga baturin zuwa alternating current (AC) wanda grid ke amfani da shi, kuma mai canzawa yayi baya don cajin baturi.
Mataki 3: Tsarin Gudanar da Baturi
Tsarin sarrafa baturi, ko BMS, yana sa ido da sarrafa kowane tantanin baturi a cikin bankin baturi.BMS yana daidaita sel, yana daidaita ƙarfin lantarki da na yanzu yayin caji da fitarwa, kuma yana kare lalacewa daga wuce gona da iri, wuce gona da iri ko zurfafawa.Yana sa ido kan maɓalli masu mahimmanci kamar ƙarfin lantarki, halin yanzu da zafin jiki don haɓaka aikin baturi da tsawon rayuwa.
Mataki na 4: Tsarin Sanyaya
Tsarin sanyaya yana cire zafi mai yawa daga batura yayin aiki.Wannan yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye ƙwayoyin sel a cikin mafi kyawun yanayin zafinsu da haɓaka rayuwar zagayowar su.Mafi yawan nau'ikan sanyaya da ake amfani da su sune sanyaya ruwa (ta hanyar zagayawa mai sanyaya ta cikin faranti a cikin hulɗa da batura) da sanyaya iska (amfani da magoya baya don tilasta iska ta wurin shingen baturi).
Mataki na 5: Aiki
A lokacin ƙarancin buƙatar wutar lantarki ko haɓakar samar da makamashi mai ƙarfi, BESS tana ɗaukar ƙarfi ta hanyar tsarin jujjuya wutar lantarki kuma tana adana shi a bankin baturi.Lokacin da buƙatu ya yi yawa ko kuma ba a samu abubuwan sabuntawa ba, ana fitar da makamashin da aka adana a baya zuwa grid ta hanyar inverter.Wannan yana ba da damar BESS zuwa "lokaci-lokaci" makamashi mai sabuntawa na tsaka-tsaki, daidaita mitar grid da ƙarfin lantarki, da kuma samar da wutar lantarki yayin fita.
Tsarin sarrafa baturi yana lura da yanayin cajin kowane tantanin halitta kuma yana sarrafa adadin caji da fitarwa don hana wuce kima, zafi da zurfafa zurfafawar batir - ƙara tsawon rayuwarsu mai amfani.Kuma tsarin sanyaya yana aiki don kiyaye yawan zafin baturi a cikin amintaccen kewayon aiki.
A taƙaice, tsarin ajiyar makamashin baturi yana ba da damar batura, kayan lantarki na lantarki, sarrafawa na hankali da sarrafa zafi tare a cikin yanayin haɗaka don adana wutar lantarki mai yawa da fitar da wuta akan buƙata.Wannan yana ba da damar fasahar BESS don haɓaka ƙimar hanyoyin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa, sanya grid ɗin wutar lantarki mafi inganci da dorewa, da goyan bayan sauye-sauye zuwa ƙarancin makamashin carbon nan gaba.
Tare da haɓaka hanyoyin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa kamar hasken rana da wutar lantarki, manyan tsarin adana makamashin batir (BESS) suna ƙara muhimmiyar rawa wajen daidaita hanyoyin wutar lantarki.Tsarin ajiyar makamashin baturi yana amfani da batura masu caji don adana wutar lantarki mai yawa daga grid ko daga abubuwan sabuntawa da isar da wutar baya lokacin da ake buƙata.Fasahar BESS tana taimakawa haɓaka amfani da makamashin da ake sabuntawa ta lokaci-lokaci kuma yana haɓaka amincin grid gabaɗaya, inganci da dorewa.
A BESS yawanci ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa:
1) Bankunan baturi da aka yi da nau'ikan baturi da yawa ko sel don samar da ƙarfin ajiyar makamashi da ake buƙata.Ana amfani da batirin lithium-ion mafi yawa saboda ƙarfin ƙarfinsu, tsawon rayuwarsu da saurin caji.Hakanan ana amfani da wasu sinadarai kamar gubar-acid da batura masu gudana.
2) Tsarin canza wutar lantarki (PCS) wanda ke haɗa bankin baturi zuwa grid ɗin wutar lantarki.PCS ta ƙunshi na'ura mai juyawa, mai juyawa da sauran kayan sarrafawa waɗanda ke ba da damar wutar lantarki ta gudana a cikin kwatance biyu tsakanin baturi da grid.
3) Tsarin sarrafa baturi (BMS) wanda ke sa ido da sarrafa yanayi da aikin ƙwayoyin baturi ɗaya.BMS yana daidaita sel, yana kare kariya daga lalacewa daga caji mai zurfi ko zurfafa zurfafawa, kuma yana sa ido kan sigogi kamar ƙarfin lantarki, halin yanzu da zafin jiki.
4) Tsarin sanyi wanda ke kawar da zafi mai yawa daga batura.Ana amfani da sanyaya ruwa ko tushen iska don kiyaye batura a cikin kewayon zafin aiki mafi kyau da kuma ƙara tsawon rayuwa.
5) Gidaje ko kwantena wanda ke karewa da kiyaye tsarin baturi gaba ɗaya.Makullin baturi na waje dole ne su kasance masu hana yanayi kuma su iya jure matsanancin zafi.
Babban ayyukan BESS shine:
• Cire wuce gona da iri daga grid a lokacin ƙarancin buƙata kuma a sake shi lokacin da buƙata ta yi yawa.Wannan yana taimakawa daidaita ƙarfin lantarki da sauyin mita.
• Ajiye makamashin da za'a iya sabuntawa daga tushe kamar PV na hasken rana da kuma gonakin iska waɗanda ke da canji mai sauƙi kuma na ɗan lokaci, sannan isar da wutar da aka adana lokacin da rana ba ta haskakawa ko iska ba ta tashi.Wannan lokacin-yana canza kuzarin da ake sabuntawa zuwa lokacin da ake buƙata mafi yawa.
• Samar da wutar lantarki a lokacin kurakuran grid ko fita don ci gaba da aiki mai mahimmancin abubuwan more rayuwa, ko dai a cikin tsibiri ko yanayin grid.
Shiga cikin amsa buƙatu da shirye-shiryen sabis na taimako ta hanyar haɓaka ƙarfin wutar lantarki sama ko ƙasa akan buƙata, samar da ƙa'idar mita da sauran sabis na grid.
A ƙarshe, yayin da makamashin da ake sabunta shi ke ci gaba da girma a matsayin kaso na grid ɗin wutar lantarki a duk duniya, manyan na'urorin adana makamashin batir za su taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samar da tsaftataccen makamashin abin dogaro kuma ana samunsa kowane dare.Fasahar BESS za ta taimaka wajen haɓaka ƙimar abubuwan sabuntawa, daidaita grid ɗin wutar lantarki da tallafawa sauyi zuwa mafi dorewa, ƙarancin makamashin carbon nan gaba.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-07-2023
